The Effect of Exercises from Different Distances and Angles on Reducing Certain Stress Hormones and Improving the Accuracy of Free Kicks in Football

Section: Conference Paper
Issue
2026: Special Issue: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference Held in Trabzon, Turkey,
Pages
199-220

Keywords:

Stress hormones, fixed strikes, performance accuracy

Abstract

This research aims to:


-Develop specific drills from different angles and distances to improve the accuracy of certain static situations (direct free kick, corner kick) and reduce stress hormone levels in football players.


-Investigate the effect of using specific drills from different angles and distances on stress hormone levels in football players.


-Investigate the effect of using specific drills from different angles and distances on the accuracy of executing corner kicks and direct free kicks in football players.


-Identify the differences between the two research groups (experimental and control) in post-test measurements of several physical variables and stress hormone levels.


The researchers used the experimental method with two groups, as it was suitable for the nature of research problem and its objectives. main research sample was selected purposively from players of Al-Hadbaa Sports Club's football team for the 2024-2025 sports season. sample consisted of 20 players, from whom 16 were chosen to represent main research sample. These 16 players were then divided into two groups (experimental and control) using a random selection method with a lottery, with 8 players in each group.


The researchers reached the following conclusions:


-The static drills performed by the experimental group resulted in a reduction in level of stress hormone cortisol.


-The static drills performed by experimental group led to a significant improvement in the variables of direct free kick and corner kick.


-In the post-test, the experimental group that used specialized drills outperformed control group that followed coach's training in the variables of cortisol reduction, direct free kick, and corner kick.


The researchers recommended the following:


-Using proposed specialized drills to improve the accuracy of static shots (direct free kick and corner kick) in football.


-Adopting drills proposed by researchers to control and regulate hormones responsible for anxiety, stress, and fear, thus enhancing performance during set-piece execution.


-Emphasizing to football coaches the importance of focusing on accuracy of static shots (direct free kick and corner kick) in football due to their significance.


 

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Authors

Ahmed Ramadan Sabaa

University of Mosul, College of Basic Education, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Mosul, Iraq

Dildar Amin Nafkhosh

University of Mosul, College of Basic Education, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Mosul, Iraq

Omar Alaeddin Ahmed

University of Mosul, College of Basic Education, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Mosul, Iraq

Identifiers

DOI: 10.33899/berj.2026.Vol22.Iss2.5.64084

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The Effect of Exercises from Different Distances and Angles on Reducing Certain Stress Hormones and Improving the Accuracy of Free Kicks in Football. (2026). College of Basic Education Research Journal, 22(2.5), 199-220. https://doi.org/10.33899/berj.2026.Vol22.Iss2.5.64084
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The Effect of Exercises from Different Distances and Angles on Reducing Certain Stress Hormones and Improving the Accuracy of Free Kicks in Football. (2026). College of Basic Education Research Journal, 22(2.5), 199-220. https://doi.org/10.33899/berj.2026.Vol22.Iss2.5.64084